中文：

基础教育的培养目标

?（一）基础教育的培养目标

?基础教育的培养目标在教育目标体系中属中间层次，它比较具体地规定了各级教育所应达到的人才培养的具体要求。

?1.小学教育的培养目标

?（1）德育方面：使学生初步具有爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱社会主义和爱中国***的思想感情，初步具有关心他人、关心集体、诚实、勤俭、不怕困难等良好品德，以及初步分辨是非的能力，养成讲文明、懂礼貌、守纪律的行为习惯。

?（2）智育方面：使学生具有阅读、书写、表达、计算的基础知识和基本技能，掌握一些自然、社会和生活常识，培养观察、思维、动手操作和自学能力，以及有广泛的兴趣和爱好，养成良好的学习习惯。

?（3）体育方面：培养学生锻炼身体和讲究卫生的习惯，具有健康的体魄。

?（4）美育方面：培养学生爱美的情趣，具有初步的审美能力。

?（5）劳动技术教育方面：培养学生良好的劳动习惯，会使用几种简单的劳动工具，具有初步的生活自理能力。

?小学教育的培养目标是根据我国社会主义教育的目的任务和学龄初期学生身心发展的特点提出来的。小学教育是基础教育的基础，因此，在这个阶段为学生今后全面和谐充分发展打下“初步”基础，是小学教育培养目标的重要特征。

?2.初中教育的培养目标

?（1） 德育方面：使学生具有爱祖国、爱社会主义、爱中国***的思想感情，初步树立辩证唯物主义、历史唯物主义的基本观点，初步具有为人民服务的思想和集体主义观点，具有良好的品德，以及一定的分辨是非和抵制不良影响的能力，养成文明礼貌、遵纪守法的行为习惯。

?（2）智育方面：掌握必需的文化科学基础知识和基本技能，具有一定的自学能力，运用所学知识分析问题、解决问题的能力和动手操作能力，培养学生实事求是的科学态度和不断追求新知识的精神。

?（3）体育方面：初步掌握锻炼身体的基础知识和正确方法，养成讲卫生的习惯，具有健康的体魄。

?（4）美育方面：具有一定的审美能力，初步形成健康的志趣和爱好。

?（5）劳动技术教育方面：掌握一定生产劳动的基础知识和基本技能，了解择业的一般常识，具有正确的劳动观点、劳动态度和良好的劳动习惯。

?初中教育是小学教育的继续，又是为普通高中、职业高中和成人高中打基础的教育。初中教育阶段的学生处于学龄中期（少年期）。学龄中期是从儿童到少年又由少年走向青年的过渡时期，是人的成长、发展过程中非常重要的一个转折时期，因而也是为学生全面发展、全面提高素质打基础最关键的时期。初中教育的培养目标，要在小学阶段使学生“初步”得到全面发展的基础上，为促进他们的身心健康、和谐发展打好坚实的基础。初中教育最重要，但目前又是最薄弱的一环。因此，教育界和全社会都十分关注初中教育目标的全面实现。

?3.高中教育的培养目标

高中教育在义务教育的基础上进一步提高学生思想道德素质、科学文化素质、身体心理素质，并且使学生的个性得到健康的发展，为培养社会主义建设者和接班人奠定良好的基础。其主要目标如下：

?（1）德育方面：使学生具有社会主义和共产主义理想，热爱社会主义祖国和社会主义事业，热爱中国***，具有为国家富强和人民富裕而艰苦奋斗的献身精神，树立辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的观点，具有社会主义和共产主义道德品质，使学生具有道德思维和道德评价能力，具有自我教育的能力和习惯，养成遵纪守法、文明礼貌的行为习惯。

?（2）智育方面：使学生在初中教育的基础上进一步掌握必需的文化科学基础知识和基本技能，特别要打好语文、数学、外语的基础，要发展学生的志趣、特长，培养学生具有不断追求新知识的热忱以及自学能力和分析问题、解决问题的能力，具有实事求是、独立思考、勇于创造的科学精神。

?（3）体育方面：掌握锻炼身体的基础知识和技能、技巧，学会科学锻炼身体的方法，逐步养成自觉锻炼的习惯，使学生的身体素质全面发展，具有健康的体魄和从事生活、生产所需的身体活动能力，养成良好的卫生习惯。

?（4）美育方面：培养学生正确的审美观，使他们具有感受美、鉴赏美和创造美的能力。

?（5）劳动技术教育方面：使学生具有劳动观点、劳动习惯和学习生产技术的兴趣，掌握现代生产技术的一些基础知识和基本技能，学会使用一般的生产工具，掌握组织生产和管理生产的初步知识和技能。

?高中教育阶段的学生处于青春早期，学生的身体和心理的发展将达到基本成熟。他们在已有的文化科学知识、生活经验和思想道德水平的基础上，初步形成了一定的世界观、人生观和道德观。这个阶段也是学生立志择业、为走向生活、走向独立作准备的时期。因此，培养目标要体现出上述各项特点。

?培养目标具有导向性、规范性和一定的“可操作”性。上述所列中小学各阶段的培养目标，体现了中小学教育在不同阶段培养德智体全面发展的人的不同的基本要求。

英文官方翻译：

Based education training objectives

(a) the training objectives of basic education

Based education training goal in education target system belongs to the middle level, it is specifically stipulated education at all levels should reach to the specific requirements of the personnel training.

1. Primary school education training objectives

(1) moral education: to make students have a love of the motherland, love people, love Labour, love science, love socialism and the communist party of China's thoughts and feelings, preliminary with caring, concerned about the collective, honesty, thrift, does not fear the difficulty, such as good moral character, and the preliminary ability to distinguish, develop speaking civilization, polite, disciplined behavior.

(2) the intellectual education: to make students with reading, writing, expression, calculation of basic knowledge and basic skills, to master some nature, society and life common sense, culture observation, thinking, hands-on operation and self-study ability, and have a wide range of interests and hobbies, develop good study habits.

(3) sports: cultivate the habit of students to exercise the body and pay attention to health, have a healthy body.

(4) aesthetic aspects: cultivating students' interest, wanting a preliminary aesthetic ability.

(5) the labor technical education aspects: cultivating students' good habits of labor, will use some simple tools of labor, has the preliminary ability to care for life.

Primary school education training goal is according to the purpose of China's socialist education mission and early school age characteristics of students' physical and mental development. Primary school education is the foundation of basic education, therefore, at this stage for the students in the future a foundation "preliminary" comprehensive harmonious development, is an important characteristic of primary school education training goal.

2. Junior middle school education training objectives

(1) moral education aspect: make the students love the motherland and the socialist thoughts and feelings, love of the communist party of China, the preliminary set up the basic ideas of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, the preliminary ideas of serving the people and collectivist point of view, has the good moral character, and must have the ability to distinguish and resist bad influence, form the behavior habit of civilized manners, law-abiding.

(2) the intellectual education: to master the necessary cultural science basic knowledge and basic skills, have certain ability of self-study, using knowledge analysis problem, problem-solving ability and hands-on ability, training students' practical and realistic scientific attitude and spirit of pursuit of new knowledge.

(3) sports: preliminary to master the basic knowledge of physical exercise and the correct method, get into the habit of hygiene, have a healthy body.

(4) aesthetic aspects: have a certain aesthetic ability, preliminary form healthy interests and hobbies.

(5) the labor technical education: master certain productive labor of the basic knowledge and basic skills, understand the general knowledge of the work, has the right of labor opinion, labor attitude and good work habits.

Junior high school education is a continuation of the elementary education, and lay the foundation for ordinary high school, vocational high school and adult high school education. Junior high school education stage of the students in middle school (adolescent). Middle school from children to young and the transition period from the juvenile to the youth, is very important in the process of growth and development of a turning period, and hence for the students' all-round development, improving quality lay the most critical period. Primary school junior middle school education training objectives, to make students "preliminary" on the basis of fully development, in order to promote the harmonious development of their physical and mental health, lay a solid foundation. Junior high school education is the most important, but it is the weakest link. Therefore, education and society as a whole are very attention to the full realization of the goal a junior high school education.

3. The training objectives of high school education

High school education in compulsory education on the basis of further improve students' ideological and moral qualities, scientific and cultural quality, psychological quality, body and make students personality get healthy development, to cultivate socialist builders and successors to lay the good foundation. Its main target is as follows:

(1) moral education: to make students with socialist and communist ideals, love the socialist motherland and the socialist cause, love the communist party of China, is for the country prosperous and people rich and hard work dedication, set up the view of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, with socialism and communism moral quality, make the student have moral thinking and moral evaluation ability, has the ability of self education and habits, law-abiding, civilized manners habit.

(2) the intellectual education: to make students in junior high school education on the basis of further master the necessary cultural science basic knowledge and basic skills, in particular, play the basis of Chinese, mathematics, foreign language, to develop the students' interests and expertise, pursuit of new knowledge in training students with enthusiasm and the ability of self-learning and problem analysis, problem solving, seeking truth from facts, independent thinking, to make inventions of scientific spirit.

(3) sports: mastery of the basic knowledge and skills, physical exercise, to learn the method of scientific exercise, gradually form the habit of exercise consciously, make the comprehensive development of students' physical quality has a healthy body and engaged in physical activity necessary for life, production capacity, develop good health habits.

(4) aesthetic aspects: train students' correct aesthetic view, makes them have ability of feeling beauty, appreciating beauty and creating beauty.

(5) the labor technical education: to make students have labor opinion, labor habit and study the production technology of interest, to master modern production technology of some basic knowledge and basic skills, learn to use the general production tools, master the organization of production and management of production preliminary knowledge and skills.

High school stage of education students in early adolescence, the development of students' physical and mental will achieve basic mature. In their cultural and scientific knowledge, life experience and the existing ideological and moral level, on the basis of preliminary formed a world outlook, the outlook on life and moral values. This stage is also students aspire to choosing a career, for to live, to separate times. Therefore, training target to reflect the above-mentioned characteristics.

Training goal guiding, normative, and certain "operational". The training objectives of each stage of primary and secondary schools listed above, embodies the education of primary and secondary schools in the different stages of cultivation of different basic requirement of the all-round development of people.?

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