cultural differences in verbal communication on discourse and pragmatic level
With the development of science and technology, communication among people from different countries and different cultures is more frequent and important. Our world is multicultural. When we communicate with people from another culture, we are not only affected by the difference of language, but also disturbed by the difference of culture. To ensure a successful understanding and communication, we should pay attention to politeness, one of the most universal phenomena in intercultural communication. Politeness is a very important part of every national culture. When we communicate with others, we should be polite. Polite and proper form of language helps to establish and maintain harmonious social relationships. It may lead to pragmatic failure when people from different cultures use polite forms to communicate with each other. English is Chinese students’ foreign language, and we are not very familiar with its language rules. When we make some grammatical errors, it’s easy to be found. And it’s also could be forgiven, because we are “foreigners” to English. If we can speak English fluently, but we don’t pay attention to the context and speak English improperly, we will be considered to be impolite, and then it will break the atmosphere of the whole communication. Therefore, it is necessary and important to study pragmatic failure in politeness language.
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Politeness is a universal social phenomenon, so it is important to study politeness which is expected by all people in all cultures. Though politeness is universal, it is also cultural specific. The specificity lies in the basic differences in the conceptions of politeness and different cultures.
With China getting access to the World Trade Organization, Chinese people are making more and more contacts with English-speaking people. When communicate with each other, it is important to show politeness. So we must improve our pragmatic competence to communicate with others successfully.
The major concern of this thesis is put on to the pragmatic failure in politeness language that Chinese learners of English would make in their communication with native speakers. The study found that most of pragmatic failures are due to deficiency in the cultural differences and communication competence. Chinese students should try best to improve their pragmatic competence to avoid pragmatic failure.
However, this thesis is limited in the following two aspects. First, politeness has numerous ways, such as verbal acts, non-verbal acts and other forms. This thesis limited to verbal acts. Second, there are only 45 students taking part in the investigation, the range is not wide enough. And the questionnaire only includes some aspects that Chinese learners of English are apt to commit pragmatic failure, there are still many left.
Through writing the thesis, the writer has tried to study the subject systematically. But because of the limited ability and the lack of original reference, it is impossible to analyze exhaustively.
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